Hyperpigmentation Treatment

Pigmentation disorders, also known as hyperpigmentation, refer to a group of conditions that cause patches or larger areas of skin to darken. Hyperpigmentation occurs due to an overproduction of melanin, the pigment that gives skin, hair and eyes their natural colours. It can affect anyone regardless of race and skin colour.

As with many skin conditions, the causes and symptoms of pigmentation vary:

• Liver Spots – Also known as age spots, this pigmentation condition is caused by aging and sun damage, and typically appears on areas of the body most exposed to the sun, including the face, shoulders, arms and hands. These spots are harmless and come in a range of light to dark colours.
• Freckles – Freckles are small brown spots that can appear anywhere on the body, but especially on the face, shoulders and arms, which get the most sun exposure. This skin trait tends to be hereditary and is caused by a combination of genetics and prolonged exposure to UVB rays.

• Melasma – This is a harmless condition that causes dark, discolored patches on the skin, often on the face. Most people develop melasma on the forehead, cheeks, chin, bridge of the nose and upper lip, though it can also appear on the neck and forearms. Pregnancy, sun exposure, hormones, stress and thyroid disease are said to trigger melasma.
• Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation – This type of discoloration is caused by inflammation, irritation, friction and trauma resulting from acne breakouts, burns, use of chemical exfoliants, and cosmetic procedures such as microdermabrasion, deep chemical peels, IPL and laser.

Underlying medical conditions, hormonal changes and certain medications can also contribute to pigmentation problems.